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Flat illustration depicting Rajasthan High Court ruling on 240 days continuous service under the Industrial Disputes Act, with judge, worker, and documents.

Case Study: Sundays & Paid Holidays in Service Calculation

📜 Case Lal Chand Jindal vs. Bank of Baroda 🏛 Court and Date Rajasthan High CourtHon’ble Justice Anoop Kumar DhandCWP No. 1334/2015 | Date: 19th March 2025 📂 Relevant Law 📖 Background ❓ Legal Issue Whether Sundays and paid holidays should be included while calculating the 240 days of continuous service under Section 25B(2) of […]

Flat illustration of Kerala High Court ruling on EPF compliance with consultant doctors and judges

Case Study: EPF Liability of Consultant Doctors

📜 Case Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation vs. Employees’ Provident Fund Appellate Tribunal 🏛 Court and Date Kerala High CourtHon’ble Mr. C.N. Ramachandran Nair (CJ) & Hon’ble Mr. P.S. Gopinathan (J)Date: 21st October 2011Citation: W.A. No. 1502/2011 📂 Relevant Law 📖 Background ❓ Legal Issue Whether consultant doctors engaged by a hospital qualify as “employees” under […]

Flat illustration of Bombay High Court compliance ruling under ESIC showing lawyer, HR manager, and worker.

Case Study: Bombay High Court on ESIC Liability for Coolies & Hamalies

📌 Case Regional Director, E.S.I. Corporation, Goa vs. Farmacia Ananta, Goa ⚖️ Court and Date Bombay High CourtHon’ble Mrs. Justice R.P. SondurbaldotaDate: 2nd May 2013Appeal under ESI No. 2/2007 📜 Relevant Law 🏢 Background Farmacia Ananta, a partnership firm dealing in medicines, employed more than 31 workers during 1990–92. The firm challenged this demand before […]

A flat-style illustration showing independent contractors working outside a company without supervision.

Case Study: Employer or Not? Madras High Court Clarifies ESIC Liability on Contract Job Work

No ESIC Liability Without Supervision Over Contract Labour 🧑‍⚖ Case Dy. Director, Insurance v. India Pistons Repco Ltd. 🏛 Court and Date Madras High CourtDate of Judgment: Refer to internal recordCitation: Based on document titled “Work done outside the premises not attract ESIC” 📜 Relevant Law Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948Key Provision: Definition of “employee” […]

Flat-style legal illustration showing courtroom interaction between judge, lawyers, and a factory worker, symbolizing trade union representation in industrial disputes.

Case Study: Only Registered Trade Unions Can Represent Workers

Gauhati High Court Reinforces Union Registration Norm Case M/s. Down Town Hospital Ltd. vs. The State of Assam & Others Court and Date Gauhati High CourtW.P.(C) No. 5237/2013Date of Judgment: 15th May 2025Hon’ble Judge: Mr. Justice Michael Zothankhuma Relevant Law Background A dispute arose when a group of hospital employees sought to raise an industrial […]

Flat-style illustration showing professional team in a workplace setting, symbolizing PF documentation, inquiry, and contractor verification under Indian EPF law.

Case Study: 7A Summons Valid Despite Contractor PF Registration

Case Dr. A. D. Maria Clete vs. Regional Provident Fund Commissioner(W.P. No. 5469 of 2021) Court and Date Madras High CourtHon’ble Mr. Justice A.D. Maria Clete(W.P. No. 5469 of 2021)Date of Judgment: 29th April 2025 Relevant Law Background The petitioner challenged a Section 7A summons issued by the EPFO requiring submission of documents related to […]

Flat illustration showing professionals, a contractor, and a legal shield representing PF compliance and employer liability.

Case Study: EPF Dues & Principal Employer Liability

Contractor’s EPF Code Bars Principal’s Liability Case Brakes India Ltd. vs. EPFO, VelloreW.P. No. 391 of 2014 Court and Date Madras High CourtDate of Judgment: 6 February 2015Hon’ble Judge: Mr. Justice M. Duraiswamy Relevant Law Background Brakes India Ltd. engaged contractors for various services. One such contractor defaulted in remitting PF dues. Though the contractor […]

Flat illustration of a judge, businesswoman, and contract workers representing a principal employer’s legal responsibility in a PF case

Case Study: Principal Employer Not Liable for PF Dues of Contractual Loaders

Principal Employer Not Responsible for PF Dues Without Proper Identification of Contractual Labour Case Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. v. Asstt. Provident Fund Commissioner Court and Date Chhattisgarh High CourtWPL No. 1027/2011Date of Judgment: 4th February 2025Judge: Hon’ble Mr. Rakesh Mohan Pandey, J. Relevant Law Background Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (HPCL) outsourced loading/unloading of LPG cylinders […]

Illustration comparing a consultant and an employee. The consultant is seated at a desk with a laptop, wearing a blue suit, while the employee is at a different desk with a desktop computer, wearing a white shirt and tie, speaking on the phone. A large red “VS” is between them.

Case Study: Misclassification of Consultants as Employees – TDS & EPF Compliance Risk

Case Study: Consultants Classified as Employees under EPF Act Case: Gain Financial Consultants (P) Ltd. v. Regional Provident Fund Commissioner Relevant Law: Income Tax Act (TDS u/s 192 vs 194J) and EPF Act Court: Bombay High Court Date: 14 March 2001 Background Although many companies deduct TDS under Section 194J (professional fees) for individuals who, […]